Chii chinonzi Melasma?
Melasma chirwere cheganda chakajairika. Kana uine melasma, uchaona shava kana kutsvuka{1}}zvigamba zvipfumbu kana kuti makwapa{2}semakwapa paganda rako. Inowanzonziwo "mask pamuviri." Hazvikuvadzi uye hazvitapurirane.
Nzvimbo dzinowanzozivikanwa: Aya mavara anowanzo kuoneka kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzechiso (matama, huma, mhino, chirebvu, muromo wepamusoro), uye kashoma pamutsipa, maoko, kana dzimwe nzvimbo. Melasma inogona kukura pane chero nzvimbo inogara ichivhenekerwa nezuva, ndosaka zviratidzo zvinowanzowedzera muzhizha.
Mhando dzeMelasma:
- Epidermal Melasma: Sezvinoreva zita, izvi zvinoreva-zvigamba zvakasvibirira zvakasvibirira zviri kunze kwe epidermis. Rudzi urwu rwe melasma kazhinji rune brown pigmentation, yakaenzana kugovera, uye iri nyore kurapa.
- Dermal Melasma: Izvi zvinokanganisa kudzika kweganda (dermis), kuchiita kunge bluish-grey kana mapeche ebrown akajeka ane miganhu isinganyatsojeka. Nekuda kwekuti pigmentation iri mukati meganda, rudzi urwu rwe melasma runowanzo kusindimara uye kunetsa kurapa, kazhinji inoda laser kana microneedling.
- Yakasanganiswa Melasma: Iyi ndiyo mhando inonyanyozivikanwa ye melasma, musanganiswa we epidermal ne dermal melasma, kazhinji inobuda sebrown kana bluish -grey patches. Nekuti yakasanganiswa melasma inoratidza hunhu hweese epidermis uye dermis, kurapwa kungangoda nzira yakazara yekunangisa nekuvandudza zviratidzo.
Melasmas inoumbwa sei?
Melasma inonyanya kukonzerwa nezvinhu zvitatu: kubuda kwezuva, kuchinja kwehomoni, uye genetics.
Kuratidzwa Kwezuva:
Ultraviolet uye infrared mwaranzi kubva kuzuva ndizvo zvakanyanya kuwedzera zvinhu zvinokonzeresa kuumbwa kwe melasma. Mukuwedzera, kunyange kupisa (infrared) chiedza, LED skrini, uye nharembozha zvinogona kukonzera melasma. Mwaranzi yeultraviolet kubva pamibhedha yekutsvuka inongokuvadza ganda sezvakangoita kubva muchiedza chezuva; saka, kuchengetedzwa kwezuva kwakafanana kwakakosha pakudzora melasma.
Kuchinja kweHormonal:
Estrogen uye progesterone zvinotendwa kuti zvine hukama nekuumbwa kwe melasma, izvo zvinotsanangura kuti nei ichinyanya kuwanda muvakadzi vane pamuviri. Uyezve, vanhu vanotora mishonga yekudzivirira nemuromo ine estrogen uye progesterone vanogonawo kukura melasma. Kunyangwe zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza ganda zvinogona kukonzera kuchinja kwehomoni.
Genetic Factors:
Nhoroondo yemhuri zvakanyanya kuwedzera njodzi yekukura melasma; mapatya mazhinji akafanana anobatwa.
Ndiani anowanzoita melasma?
Melasma inzvimbo yakajairika yeganda, inonyanya kubata vakadzi, kunyanya avo vane ganda repakati kusvika kune rakasviba.Vakadzi vane pamuvirivanonyanya kukanganiswa kana zvichienzaniswa nemamwe mapoka. Vakadzi vazhinji vanoona kutaridzika kwekutanga kwemavara matema kana mavara pachiso chavo panguva yekuzvitakura kana pavanotanga mapiritsi ekudzivirira kubata pamuviri; saka, melasma inozivikanwawo se "pregnancy mask." Kutora mishonga yekudzivirira nemuromo uye mishonga yehomoni inogonawo kuwedzera njodzi yekukura melasma.
Matatu epamusoro laser cosmetic tekinoroji zvinobudirira kubvisa melasma
-
Fractional CO2 Laser
Izvi ndezvechikamu cheablative fractional lasers. Laser beam yakakamurwa kuita matanda madiki asingaverengeki, achigadzira zvinodzoreka zvishoma-zvinokuvadza zvinopisa paganda. Uku kukuvadzwa kwekupisa kwekupisa kunosvika kudermis, kupfutidza uye kubvisa pigmented epidermal tishu uku zvichikonzera kugadzirisa uye kuporesa mhinduro munyama yakatenderedza, ichikurudzira nyowani collagen remodeling, uye kusimudzira epidermal kuvandudzwa. Kune pigmentation, inonyanya kushanda ne "kubvisa zvakananga epidermis ine pigmented" uye "kusimudzira hunotevera hutsva hwe epidermal kutsiva."
-
Q-yakachinja Nd:YAG Laser
Nanosecond-level isiri-ablative Q-malaser akachinja anomiririra echinyakare lasers ekubvisa pigmentation. Nheyo yavo yakakosha inosarudza photothermolysis. Iyo 1064nm kana 532nm wavelength laser inoburitswa yakanyatso kunyudzwa ne melanin. Simba racho rinoburitswa munguva pfupi pfupi (nanoseconds), zvichiita kuti melanin granules ibve yaputika kuita zvidimbu zvidiki nekuda kwekukurumidza kupisa. Zvimedu izvi zvino zvino phagocytosed nema macrophages uye zvakaburitswa kubva mumuviri kuburikidza neakasikwa metabolism. Iyo yose nzira yekurapa haina kukuvadza yakatenderedza yakajairika ganda tishu.
-
Picosecond Laser
Tinogona kuona picosecond lasers seyero yepamusoro yeQ-yakachinja lasers, iyo core iri iyo photomechanical effect. Inopfupisa laser pulse wide kubva nanoseconds (10⁻⁹ seconds) kusvika picoseconds (10⁻¹² seconds). The ultra-short pulse width inoreva simba rinoburitswa nepamusoro pesimba repamusoro munguva pfupi. Izvi zvinoita kuti mamelanin granules "atsemuke" kuita huruva yakatsetseka zvikuru-sezvimedu pane kuti "zviputika zvinopisa." Kuita uku kunounza kupisa kushoma, zvichikonzera kukuvadza kusingatarisike kune matishu akatenderedza uye zvichikonzera kukwira kwepigment kubviswa zvakanaka.
| Hunhu | Fractional CO2 laser | Q-yakachinja Nd:YAG laser | Picosecond laser |
|---|---|---|---|
| Main zvakanakira |
|
|
|
| Main kukanganisa |
|
|
|
| Status | Kwete yekutanga sarudzo; kungwarira kwakanyanya kunorairwa. | Classic Sarudzo | Kucheka-kusarudzwa kwemupendero |
Chengetedzo pamberi uye mushure mekurapa
Gadziriro ye-yekurapa:
- Professional Assessment uye Kukurukurirana:
Bvunza nyanzvi yedermatologist kuti uone rudzi rwe melasma (epidermal, dermal, or mixed), kugadzikana kwayo, uye mamiriro eganda barriers. Kunyatsotaurirana nachiremba pamusoro pemigumisiro inotarisirwa uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika.
- Yakasimbiswa Sun Protection:
Shandisai zvinodzivirira zuva (heti, maamburera, masks) zvakasanganiswa ne-spectrum high-SPF sunscreen (SPF50+, PA++++) kuderedza kushatirwa kweUV.
- Skin Barrier Repair:
Rega kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvese zvinogumbura zvekuchengetedza ganda (senge glycolic acid, salicylic acid, uye retinoic acid). Shandisa kugadzirisa uye kunyorovesa zvigadzirwa zvine zvinhu zvakaita seceramides uye hyaluronic acid kusimbisa ganda rinodzivirira.
Post-kutarisirwa kurapwa:
- Zvinonyaradza Pakarepo:
Mushure mekurapa, ganda rinogona kunzwa kutsva kutsva uye kutsvuka. Isa mishonga inotonhora kana yekupfapfaidza inotonhora nekukasika, uye shandisa-machira ekugadzirisa giredhi kuderedza kuzvimba.
- Strict Sun Protection:
Izvi zvakakosha chose kudzivirira hyperpigmentation. Munguva yekutanga-kurapwa, tarisa pakudzivirira zuva uye kudzivirira zuva rakananga. Kana ganda rapora, zora mafuta ekuzora -SPF zuva nezuva.
- Kuchenesa Kunyoro uye Kunyorova:
Kwevhiki yekutanga mushure mekuita, geza zvinyoro kumeso nemvura inodziya, kudzivirira kupokana. Shandisa zviri nyore, zvekurapa{1}}zvigadzirwa zvekugadzirisa uye zvinonyorovesa kusimudzira ganda rinodzivirira kupora.
- Dzivisa Kushatirwa:
Bvumira makwapa kuti adonhe; usanhonga kana kukwenya. Rega kushandisa zvizorwa zvinoshanda (sezvinoita chena kana -zvigadzirwa zvinodzivirira kuchembera), saunas, zvitubu zvinopisa, uye maekisesaizi akasimba kweanenge masvondo maviri aitwa.
- Mushonga Wakasanganiswa:
Ramba uchishandisa-zvinogadziriswa pakurapa uye/kana mishonga yekunwa sekurairwa nachiremba wako kuti usimbise mashandiro ekurapa uye kudzivirira kudzokazve.
Nzira yekudzivirira sei melasma?
Kana melasma inokonzerwa nemajini, haigoni kudzivirirwa. Melasma inokonzerwa neestrogen yakakwirira uye progesterone mazinga panguva yekuzvitakura kwakaomawo kudzivirira pachine nguva. Nekudaro, iwe unogona kuedza kudzivirira zvinhu zvinowedzera melasma. Kunze kwezvinhu zviviri izvi, unogona kutora matanho ekudzivirira kurwisa zvimwe zvinokonzeresa.
Ngwarira kudzivirira zuva:
Zora -mafuta ekuzora zuva ane SPF 30 kana kupfuura zuva nezuva, kunyangwe mumba kana kuine makore. Kana uri kunze, zoraizve maawa mashoma oga oga uye pfekai ngowani, masiki, uye zvipfeko zvinodzivirira kudzivirira zuva. Iwe unogona kushandisa zvigadzirwa zvine vhitamini C kana vhitamini E kubatsira kurwisa kukuvara kwezuva.
Gentle skincare:
Shandisa zvinonhuhwirira{0}pasina, hypoallergenic skincare products. Dzivisa kushandisa zvikwesha zvakakasharara, maganda akasimba ekemikari, uye zvinhu zvinoshatirisa.
Nyora zvakanaka: Chengetedza ganda rako zvakanaka{{0}rakanyorova kuti usimbise chipingamupinyi charo chekudzivirira.
Dzivisa tembiricha yakakwira uye dikita:
Dzivisa saunas, mvura inopisa, uye kuratidzwa kwenguva refu kune tembiricha yakakwira kunze.
